The Bitchy Pundit’s insipid thoughts on the Federal Budget

One of the least thought out memes that I’ve come across lately comes from a lady who calls herself The Bitchy Pundit. Here are her thoughts on how the U.S. Federal Budget is spent:

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There are some easy ways to counter the sheer stupidity of this picture. The Congressional Budget Office produces plenty of fine information about the state of the U.S. Federal budget. I’ll be citing some data from the following publication: The Budget and Economic Outlook:2015-2025. On page 66 it is shown that for FY 2014 the total budget was about $3.5 trillion, with Mandatory spending taking up about $2 trillion. Such spending covers programs like: Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and health insurance subsidies. Discretionary spending was about $1.2 trillion; of that about $600 billion went to Defense spending while the other approximately $600 billion went to miscellaneous funding such as: transportation and infrastructure, education, and various research programs, amongst many other projects. The discretionary spending data can be found on pages 82 and 83.

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So, unless there’s a $10 trillion item on the budget specifically meant for corporate subsidies that isn’t mentioned in the CBO report (or in any budget document for that matter), this number is not actually based on real data and is just some statistical hyperbole. There are two sources mentioned at the bottom of the picture, one from the White House’s website and the other from a progressive website called CommonDreams. Let’s take a look at what’s there.

The White House link is a calculator where you type in the taxes you paid last year to illustrate how your taxes are spent. Here are the results based on current tax levels for an individual earning $50,000 per year:

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Based upon this picture, no single item actually reaches $4,000 and corporate subsidies are not listed anywhere on the webpage. I’m also not certain how Bitchy Pundit acquired her numbers for Medicare (2.9% tax, half paid by the employee), the Military, or really any spending since they don’t seem to match up to what is listed by the data on the White House tax receipt webpage. It seems safe to say that this citation is at best, severely distorted by Bitchy Pundit.

Moving on the to CommonCommunism CommonDreams article by Paul Buchheit leads an article that claims the average household pays about $6,000 every year in corporate subsidies. Once again, the data presented on the picture isn’t the same as it is in the citation. In this case, it’s supposedly even worse but let’s take a few minutes to analyze the claims in this article. Here’s the first claim that the author makes:

The Cato Institute estimates that the U.S. federal government spends $100 billion a year on corporate welfare. That’s an average of $870 for each one of America’s 115 million families.

This one is true and I agree that it needs to go down. The Federal Government never should have subsidized failures like Solyndra. Let’s take a look at the next statement:

It does include payments to 374 individuals on the plush Upper East Side of New York City, and others who own farms, including Bruce Springsteen, Bon Jovi, and Ted Turner. Wealthy heir Mark Rockefeller received $342,000 to NOT farm, to allow his Idaho land to return to its natural state.

I also agree with this point, progressives like Bruce Springsteen shouldn’t get paid by money from the Federal Government because they have farms. I would also further state that People’s Hero FDR never should have created the Agricultural Adjustment Act to pay farmers not to grow crops.

Look, it's Hero of Socialist Labor Bruce Springsteen. This man needs you to buy his albums for $9.99. Remember, he cares about the proles.
Look, it’s Hero of Socialist Labor Bruce Springsteen. This man needs you to buy his albums for $9.99. Remember, he cares about the proles.

Enough of making fun of that no-talent hack Springsteen, lets move onto the next part of the argument:

It also includes fossil fuel subsidies, which could be anywhere from $10 billion to $41 billion per year for research and development. Yet this may be substantially underestimated. The IMF reports U.S. fossil fuel subsidies of $502 billion, which would be almost $4,400 per U.S. family by taking into account “the effects of energy consumption on global warming [and] on public health through the adverse effects on local pollution.” According to Grist, even this is an underestimate.

I took a look at the IMF publication and it’s very apparent that the half-trillion figure is for the entire world, not the U.S. specifically. This is made apparent throughout the paper, but here are some screenshots for those who aren’t interested in reading the entire report:

page 1 page 8 page 9

I’m not certain how the author came up with a figure of $502 billion. The author either made up the number and didn’t actually read the report or is simply lying. Next!

The subsidies mentioned above are federal subsidies. A New York Times investigation found that states, counties and cities give up over $80 billion each year to companies, with beneficiaries coming from

The Koch Brothers would agree, the market should actually be free rather than manipulated by the government. That being said, a subsidy can simply be a company paying less in taxes and not just the government giving money or land away. The Bitchy Pundit is conflating what your tax bill is with what she wants corporate taxes to be, which is simply dishonest. What if the government just lowered (or eliminated) many taxes, got rid of subsidies, and simply spent less money. Clearly, government distortion and command of the economy is a real winner. Let’s take a look at the next excerpt from this article:

According to the Huffington Post, the “U.S. Government Essentially Gives The Banks 3 Cents Of Every Tax Dollar.” They cite research that calculates a nearly 1 percent benefit to banks when they borrow, through bonds and customer deposits and other liabilities. This amounts to a taxpayer subsidy of $83 billion, or about $722 from every American family

I took a look at the Huffington Post article and it’s another obfuscation of the data. The $83 billion figure is not a direct subsidy, the banks mentioned aren’t actually getting tax breaks. One part of the Huffington Post article is a bit more pertinent though:

Let’s start with a bit of background. Banks have a powerful incentive to get big and unwieldy. The larger they are, the more disastrous their failure would be and the more certain they can be of a government bailout in an emergency. The result is an implicit subsidy: The banks that are potentially the most dangerous can borrow at lower rates, because creditors perceive them as too big to fail.

Lately, economists have tried to pin down exactly how much the subsidy lowers big banks’ borrowing costs. In one relatively thorough effort, two researchers — Kenichi Ueda of the International Monetary Fund and Beatrice Weder di Mauro of the University of Mainz — put the number at about 0.8 percentage point. The discount applies to all their liabilities, including bonds and customer deposits.

I took a look at the IMF Working Paper referenced and no specific U.S. banks are mentioned. That means the government controlled loan giants of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac counted towards this bailout/implicit subsidy figure. The Huffington Post article claims: “The top five banks — JPMorgan, Bank of America Corp., Citigroup Inc., Wells Fargo & Co. and Goldman Sachs Group Inc. – – account for $64 billion of the total subsidy, an amount roughly equal to their typical annual profits …“. The Huffington Post article is making a claim that’s not substantiated by the data in the IMF Working Paper or presented in the article at any point. Besides, since when did progressives oppose bailouts? I wonder if Mr. Buchheit would support ending the Federal Reserve?

Our fine author then goes on to call bank and retirement fund fees a subsidy:

This was a tough one to calculate. Demos reports that over a lifetime, bank fees can “cost a median-income two-earner family nearly $155,000 and consume nearly one-third of their investment returns.” Fees are well over one percent a year.

I don’t understand how bank fees can be construed as a subsidy that taxes support. If you don’t want to pay excessive trading fees, don’t be a day trader. If you don’t want to spend money on actively managed mutual funds, pick stocks yourself or buy a mutual fund that is not actively managed. Fees associated with your accounts will be listed in the terms and if you don’t like them find a cheaper investment. I wonder if the author is in favor of a low Capital Gains Tax? Might reduce the fees that Mr. Buchheit is decrying so much.

In the next bullet point, the author calls patent laws a tax subsidy:

According to Dean Baker, “government granted patent monopolies raise the price of prescription drugs by close to $270 billion a year compared to the free market price.” This represents an astonishing annual cost of over $2,000 to an average American family.

OECD figures on pharmaceutical expenditures reveal that Americans spend almost twice the OECD average on drugs, an additional $460 per capita. This translates to $1,268 per household.”

Does the author want to end all patent laws, or just for prescription drugs? There’s no reference for the $270 billion figure, so I can’t easily verify this claim based on the links provided. I haven’t really studied what effects that eliminating patent laws would have on the ability of pharmaceutical and biotech companies to recuperate their costs of research and development. Would the U.S. remain a leader in developing new drugs to begin with? The Center for Economic and Policy Research article cited glosses over a lot of applicable details. As far as the amount of money spent by U.S. citizens on pharmaceuticals, is it simply due to the over-prescription of drugs? Do the people of countries where the spend less on drugs really spend less if it’s their own tax dollars paying for said drugs? Funny enough, the OECD report contains data that shows Americans pay less than the OECD average out of pocket for medications. I wonder if Mr. Buchheit would support ending Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security? People would never try to commit fraud against those programs. Perhaps if the U.S. didn’t have so much government controlled healthcare prices for medical care wouldn’t be rising so drastically?

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Point six is just a repeat of the first bullet point in the article:

We’ve heard a lot about tax avoidance and tax breaks for the super-rich. With regard to corporations alone, the Tax Foundation has concluded that their “special tax provisions” cost taxpayers over $100 billion per year, or $870 per family. Corporate benefits include items such as Graduated Corporate Income, Inventory Property Sales, Research and Experimentation Tax Credit, Accelerated Depreciation, and Deferred taxes.”

Then there’s the progressive plan of convincing companies to keep their money in the U.S. by taxing them at 39% is an idea that surely wouldn’t backfire:

U.S. PIRG recently reported that the average 2012 taxpayer paid an extra $1,026 in taxes to make up for the revenue lost from offshore tax havens by corporations and wealthy individuals. With 138 million taxpayers (1.2 per household), that comes to $1,231 per household.”

I find it interesting that progressives claim that it’s selfish to want to keep your own money yet selfless to vote to take away 90% or more of someone else’s income. I would posit that people who are willing to have the government take the majority of and individuals income is more greedy than someone who simply wants to keep what they earned. Would the author support a Flat Tax or Fair Tax? Either one couldn’t possibly be convoluted as the current tax system and would have far fewer loopholes. “Corporate greed” is a problem for progressives, but giving them extremely high taxes won’t continue to push them to take their money out of the country? The only country that even has a higher national corporate tax rate than the U.S. is the United Arab Emirates. Once again, this is not actually on your tax receipt. Also, how much do rich progressives shirk their taxes? What does comrade Buffett think?

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Here’s how Mr. Buchheit closes out his article:

Overall, American families are paying an annual $6,000 subsidy to corporations that have doubled their profits and cut their taxes in half in ten years while cutting 2.9 million jobs in the U.S. and adding almost as many jobs overseas.

This is more than an insult. It’s a devastating attack on the livelihoods of tens of millions of American families. And Congress just lets it happen.

I think that I’ve shown that such statements are false. Mr. Buchheit’s lies and misrepresentation of the data is an insult to my intelligence.

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Feminist thoughts on gender quotas, the wage gap, and guaranteed equality

Today I just felt like discussing whether feminist ideals of using government power to force an equality of results really makes any sense. If it’s equality that feminists are interested in, why aren’t they calling for equal death? 92% of workplace deaths in the U.S. are men.

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One can take a quick look through some U.S. Department of Labor statistics and see that there are some fields that women are simply avoiding. Amongst civil and aerospace engineers women make up about only ten percent. Electrical, electronic, and mechanical engineers are staffed by about only seven percent women. Women make up about only one percent of professions such as: heavy equipment operators, electricians, and automotive mechanics. Some quick research shows that women seem to be shunning physics and engineering degrees. Perhaps it’s personal choices that are the reason for women preferring a degree in education or nursing over engineering and science fields rather than discrimination? But the narrative of personal choice doesn’t fit the progressive-feminist view of the world though. Progressives will just continue to conflate liberty with a guaranteed equality of results.

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I took a quick look on the progressive website ThinkCommunist ThinkProgress where leftists were decrying the “gender wage gap” in a typical feminist manner. The author used the usual tropes such as: women make less even when they have the same degree, get paid less on their first job, and made the profound observation that women who have children make less money. The author claimed that “women get paid less in their first job than men who graduate with the same grades, majors, and choice of occupation“. The link is dead and leads to the American Association of University Women’s (AAUW) website, so I can’t verify the veracity of this claim. But I wonder if that report accounted for the number of hours worked per week?

Some other specific claims that the authors makes are “A woman makes less than a man no matter much education she gets, what job she chooses, or where she lives“. Concerning the source cited for education, the document only looks at what educational attainment was achieved and no other factors were controlled for. The number of hours worked and experience were not accounted for, just gross averages comparing the wages of all men and women with the same education received (scroll down to page 11 of the document for the applicable portion). A Bureau of Labor Statistics infographic was cited for the “job she chooses” statement. Once again, this document only controlled for a single factor, in this case, the industry chosen. Education, experience, and the number of hours worked were not considerations, just the average of all men compared to women in a field. Concerning the “where she lives” statement, the same fallacy has once again been committed. The source is a Slate article that compares the earnings of women and men by state and controls for no other factors.

Further down the line, the author claims: “While some of the wage gap can be explained by things such as work patterns, job tenure, race, and marital status, some of it just can’t be explained by different life choices or characteristics and instead is likely thanks to discrimination“. The citation for this little gem is a General Accounting Office (GAO) report concerning gender differences in pay. While the author of the ThinkProgress article may claim that discrimination may be the cause for differences in pay (and for once, his source actually controlled for more than one factor) she offers no proof to substantiate this claim. I guess I’m just supposed to take her word on this, because the GAO doesn’t offer proof that discrimination is the cause. On page six they write the following:

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In other words, Ms. Covert is implying a conclusion that the data does not claim. The Factual Feminist (a.k.a Christina Hoff Sommers) wrote an interesting piece on the Huffington Post concerning the “gender wage gap” that progressives just can’t ever shut up about. This article uses data from the fine folks at the AAUW to disprove the claim that women make 77% of what men do for the same work. As it turns out, you really do have to control for relevant factors to fully understand what the data is telling you. A man who has to support a wife and several children might work a few extra hours, which would explain the extra money made by married men that ThinkProgress laments so much. Let’s hear some more fun facts about the gender pay gap from Dear Leader and Comrade Carney:

Let’s here some more thoughts on why the wage gap exists and how it’s not the way feminists portray it:

Isn't it amazing what you can do with statistics?
Isn’t it amazing what you can do with statistics?

One of the last things the ThinkProgress article goes on to decry is the fraction of working mothers who take time off work compared to working men. The author didn’t even make an attempt to look at why this might be true, the statistics simply didn’t fall in line with a guaranteed equality of results that progs demand. If men didn’t lose custody of children so much during divorce, perhaps the amount of time taken off by working fathers and mothers wouldn’t be so different?

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For all of the feminists who claim that life is easier just because you’re a man, have you ever tried to live as a man does? A lesbian woman who decided to become a man for over a year turned back into a woman. Feminists certainly aren’t interested in liberty, but do they even want equality or just special privileges? Do progressives actually care about the suffering of all people equally? Or is it just special interest groups, votes, and power that matter to socialists/feminists/progressives?

European socialism and automotive expertise

Progressives just love to talk about how socialism in the Nordic countries is successful and seem to like the policies enforced in Continental Europe. But when the government gives out something for free, is it really free? Did countries like Norway, Sweden, and Denmark create a classless utopia and Worker’s Paradise? Let’s look at some data compiled by an individual who came from Denmark and has firsthand experience from Democratic-Socialism which is supposedly different than Socialism. It’s amazing that progressives will claim that Socialism is different from Democratic-Socialism.

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Here’s a sampling of the work from Manipulism by Mikkel Clair Nissen.

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Socialism is working out so well for many countries of the E.U! The European Union is/has been just full of communists.

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Remember when progressives worldwide were hailing the election of communists in Greece? I’ll write more soon on the continuing Greek tragedy in coming posts.

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And to close out this post, some fine automotive advice from a budding young technician.

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What’s Martin O’ Malley sorry about?

Hopeful Democratic nominee for President Martin O’ Malley is sorry that he said “all lives matter” and now realizes that such a statement is unacceptable to the Democratic Party. Comrade O’ Malley has come to the realization that all lives do not matter, only the ones the Party deems appropriate or important. O’ Malley now realizes that it’s only OK to state that black lives matter, but specifically regarding interactions with law enforcement and problems caused by “society”.  Any mention of all the murders going on in Chicago, Detroit, and Baltimore that are not committed by police or white people are not important.

Every good comrade knows (especially when going to a Nutroots convention) that all comments to the about the Party must promote racial division for the glory of the Party and that it’s really it’s the votes that matter. Anyone who disagrees with the Party narrative is a racist, bigot, sexist, homophobe, and deserves to be smeared. It’s not like O’ Malley had a chance against Shillary Billary Chillary Hillary and Sanders anyway.

For those comrades reading this who happen to be white, feel free to grovel and apologize for your existence.

OMalley_All_Lives_Matter White_People_Deserve_MTV

Yahoo! News- O’ Malley apologizes for telling protestors “all lives matter”

This loyal Party servants gets it!

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This comment must have been made by a “clown in blackface“.

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Evil, sexist, bigoted, and greedy white people think that their opinions, let alone all lives matter.

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Are you feeling the Bern?

Hello comrades, today I’m typing to spread the gospel of Karl Marx and Bernie Sanders throughout the world. Let it be known to all peoples and nations that Bernie Sanders is a proud socialist who isn’t afraid to shake things up and bring more change to the United States. Dear Leader Obama did fine work on converting the United States of America into the United Socialist States of America but the work is not yet complete.

Once Bernie Sanders is elected as Chairman in 2016 the Revolution will really get going and the United States will get an even better taste of what a Worker’s Paradise is like. Some glorious examples of revolutionary work would be: Greece, Venezuela (quite a fine example), Cuba (but look at those literacy rates), Rhode Island, and Detroit to name but a few socialist success stories. Proles, you must be willing to surrender your money, property, and liberty for the betterment of society. The Party demands your total loyalty in the upcoming Neo-Kulak purge and revolution. Once the government has even more centralized control over the economy and your wallet the U.S.S.A will surely turn into a true paradise.

These pictures are to be spread amongst your friends, neighbors, and colleagues. Don’t be shy, share the wonderful work being performed by the fine folks at Economic Illiterates for Bernie Sanders 2016. Enjoy!

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Did you understand Terminator Genisys?

I just finished watching Terminator Genisys and while mildly entertained was not really satisfied with the film. I think that I just watched it out of a feeling of nostalgia rather then expecting a great film. So many terminators, causality loops, a T-3000 nanite, and a lot of time machines make up this movie. It also would’ve been nice if the trailers hadn’t given away so much. I could try to continue to explain my feelings towards this film but the fine folks at Red Letter Media have done a great job of explaining the plot of this film. Hopefully, the plot of the film will be made clear to you.

I really have to wonder what the impetus behind this film and its plot was. I wonder how much of the audience is impressed by Terminator Genisys? Have any of you reading this watched Terminator Genisys?

Greece said no to the E.U.

Well the Greek referendum is over with and the Greeks voted with a resounding no (61%) on accepting bailout terms. Plenty of European leaders may say that they believe in the Euro and want Greece to stay in the European Union. The opinion polls that showed the Greeks at a dead heat which each other appear to have been quite wrong. The Greek banks don’t exactly have a lot of cash anymore so the drachma will have to make a reappearance pretty soon.There are no laws written on how a member state would leave the E.U. so now might be a good time for the bureaucrats in Brussels to figure something out.

They're happy, but are they ready for what may come next?
They’re happy, but are they ready for what may come next?

The United Kingdom will be holding a referendum on E.U. membership by 2017. 260,000 Austrians signed a petition that will force the Austrian government to debate the topic of leaving the E.U. in parliament. The most recent E.U. elections went very well for Eurosceptic parties and the trend doesn’t seem to be bending towards those who believe in the Euro and the European Union as it currently stands.

Won't see these two flags next to each other for much longer.
Won’t see these two flags next to each other for much longer.

I don’t see how the Greeks can possibly maintain their current budgets and spending levels. I also don’t see how the people of Europe are willing to give up control of their currencies, much of their economies, and sovereignty to a body like the European Union. The intellectuals who believed and pushed for the Euro seemed to believe that a monetary union would bring political unification. Quite the opposite has happened though. Political differences and demands by different nations that don’t have a real Federal government or other institutions to bind them together are destroying the idea of European integration. Even space cadet Paul Krugman realizes that the Euro is a flawed idea.

Greece Bailout

Yahoo! News-“Europe is dying,” EU opponents say, as Greek “No” brings delight

Yahoo! News-German calls for Grexit mount as EU stunned by “No” vote

Forbes-Happy Birthday, Milton Friedman, The European Crisis Is Your Latest Vindication

Yahoo! News-Greece enters uncharted territory after referendum “No” vote

How has Adam Sandler ruined your life?

I’m amazed that film studios are willing to give Adam Sandler more money to take vacations with his friends and film it. With poor films like: Jack and Jill, Grown Ups, Grown Ups 2, That’s My Boy, and You Don’t Mess with the Zohan it really is astonishing that people consider Adam Sandler to be talented. But then there are idiots that think Fifty Shades of Gray has good literary qualities to it, so perhaps it isn’t so astonishing? The world is just full of idiots that are willing to give their money to folks such as Adam Sandler and Stephenie Meyer it seems. If nothing else, Adam Sandler is a good businessman who knows how to keep the cash coming in.

I could take the time to describe why Adam Sandler’s “comedy films” are nothing more than juvenile humor that has no real talent. Many others (especially the folks at Red Letter Media) have taken the time to dissect and suffer through numerous Adam Sandler movies so that you don’t have to. Please, stop giving your money to Adam Sandler.

I’ve already posted this video, but here it is again:

Greece and capital control

The Greek government recently announced that banks would be shutdown for six business days, ATM withdrawals would be limited to €60 per day, and that the Athens Stock Exchange would remain closed on Monday. Time is almost up for Greece and the actions taken by the Greek government won’t solve any financial problems. PM Tsipras and the Greek government are still blaming everybody but themselves for this mess. Tsipras wants the deadline for the bailout program to be extended past June 30th to allow time for a referendum. The following are some statements made my Tsipras:

It is now more than clear that this decision has no other aim than to blackmail the will of the Greek people and prevent the smooth democratic process of the referendum,” and “They will not succeed. These moves will have the exact opposite effect. They will make the Greek people more determined in their choice to reject the unacceptable … proposals and ultimatums of the creditors,

They're right you know, there's no future for Greece in the E.U. Time to start printing million drachma bills out...
They’re right you know, there’s no future for Greece in the E.U. Time to start printing million drachma bills out…
I bet Greece's Finance Minister is real happy right now. I wonder how he'll blame this on the Germans?
I bet Greece’s Finance Minister is real happy right now. I wonder how he’ll blame this on the Germans?
Members of left wing parties burn a European Union flag during a protest in the northern Greek port city of Thessaloniki, Sunday, June 28, 2015.  Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras says the Bank of Greece has recommended that banks remain closed and restrictions be imposed on transactions, after the European Central Bank didn't increase the amount of emergency liquidity the lenders can access from the central bank. (AP Photo/Giannis Papanikos)
Members of left wing parties burn a European Union flag during a protest in the northern Greek port city of Thessaloniki, Sunday, June 28, 2015. Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras says the Bank of Greece has recommended that banks remain closed and restrictions be imposed on transactions, after the European Central Bank didn’t increase the amount of emergency liquidity the lenders can access from the central bank. (AP Photo/Giannis Papanikos)

Couldn’t Tsipras just be honest and say give my country more free money while forgiving our debt? If the Greek people are interested in regaining sovereignty they should vote to leave the E.U. and dump the Euro. The Greeks also need to reduce government spending and dump socialism. I suppose that there’s simply no way that anything will work out well for Greece. Even if Greece receives any help from the Russians or Chinese, the coming years will be even more painful than the last five have been. The Greek healthcare system has been going downhill for years now while Greeks pensions continue to stay fat. Obviously what Greece needs is more socialism and not less. I wonder how much higher the Greek unemployment rate can go, which is currently over 25%?

Here are some of the more interesting comments from the articles I linked to:

Greekdebt Greekdebt1 Greekdebt2 Greekdebt3

Yahoo! News-Greece imposes capital controls, banks to remain shut

Yahoo! News-Parliament approves referendum; Greece’s future in balance

Bloomberg View-Greece and Germany Agree the Euro can’t work

Table Mountain

The Table Mountain area doesn’t have any hardcore rock-crawling. As long as your truck has decent ground clearance and you can pick a good line you will make it through the area. My nearly stock Tacoma made it through. A locking rear differential or a little lift in the front would have helped out greatly though. The Table Mountain network of trails in of themselves don’t extend to other roads unless you count some footpaths. The network of trails lead to some amazing views, though it can be hard to tell if you’re on a legitimate trail or not. A lot of the paths in the area are closed but aren’t  marked very well.   There’s not really any way to get lost in the Table Mountain area, just drive back the way you came once you hit a dead end or random fork with a camping spot. The trail was pretty empty the day I went, the only vehicle I passed was a first-generation Tundra. No one on dirt bikes or ATV’s to get into close calls with here.

To reach the Table Mountain area: drive along I-8 and exit at the In-Ko-Pah Road exit, head west along U.S.-80 and turn right onto a dirt road near the brake-check station. Enjoy the photos and find the rest of them here!

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